Manuel Vázquez Montalbán (1939-2003) was a Spanish writer, journalist, and critic born in Barcelona. He studied Philosophy and Arts, and journalism. He was a prominent figure in Spanish culture, known for his extensive work including novels, poetry, essays, and journalism. He created the famous private detective Pepe Carvalho, protagonist of a successful series of crime novels. He was also an influential political and social columnist, and received important awards such as the Planeta Award and the National Prize for Spanish Literature.