Anne Chapman was a prominent French-American anthropologist, ethnologist, and archaeologist, recognized for her research on the indigenous peoples of Tierra del Fuego, particularly the Selk'nam (Ona) and Yaganes (Yámana). She was born in California in 1922 and passed away in Buenos Aires in 2010. She studied at the National School of Anthropology and History in Mexico and at Columbia University in New York, where she obtained her doctorate. She dedicated a large part of her life to the study of Fuegian cultures, conducting numerous expeditions and living with the last descendants of these ethnic groups. Her work contributed significantly to the documentation and understanding of these cultures, which were on the verge of extinction. Among her best-known works are "The Selk'nam (Ona) of Tierra del Fuego" and "Capabilities and Skills of the Selk'nam".