Marta Traba (1930-1983) was an Argentine art critic, writer, and art theorist, who became a naturalized Colombian citizen. She is recognized for her influential work in 20th-century Latin American art criticism and history. She studied art and philosophy and moved to Colombia in 1954, where she developed much of her career. She was a central figure in promoting a unique cultural and artistic identity for Latin America, often critical of European and American influences. Her work includes fundamental essays on art, as well as novels such as Las ceremonias del verano and Conversación al sur. She died in the Avianca Flight 11 air crash in Madrid.