António Vieira (1608-1697) was a Portuguese Jesuit priest, missionary, diplomat, and writer. He is considered one of the most prominent figures of the Portuguese Baroque, known for his powerful sermons and his defense of human rights, especially those of indigenous peoples in Brazil and the New Christians in Portugal. He served as a preacher at the Portuguese court and was actively involved in political and diplomatic affairs. His works, especially his sermons, are a cornerstone of Portuguese literature.